6. Appendices

This appendix provides additional detail to support policy 4 of the plan. It sets out infrastructure requirements to serve growth as identified in the Greater Norwich Local Plan Infrastructure Needs Report (GNLPINR).

The infrastructure will be provided by a variety of organisations through varied funding sources. The requirements have been identified through ongoing and completed topic and organisation-based studies and strategies which inform both the GNLPINR and this plan.

This appendix represents a point in time. The infrastructure requirements and their delivery will be monitored, reviewed, and managed through ongoing work with partners and agencies responsible for implementation, including utilities providers, the education authority, the highway authority, and the Greater Norwich Growth Board which manages pooled Community Infrastructure Levy.

Progress will be reported through updates to this appendix which will be included in the Annual Monitoring Report.

The Greater Norwich Local Cycling and Walking Infrastructure Plan (LCWIP), which is part of the wider transport strategy for Norfolk and covers the great majority of the Strategic Growth Area established in this plan, was completed in March 2022. It contains a cycling and walking network plan which takes account of planned growth in this plan and a prioritised programme of improvements which can be put forward for existing and future active travel funding opportunities.

The Norfolk LCWIP, which covers the remainder of Greater Norwich and the county, is the overarching plan. Adoption is anticipated in early 2024. It will identify and prioritise short, medium, and long-term schemes which will assist people to choose walking, cycling, or wheeling as an alternative to travelling by car for short journeys. It focusses on towns across the county, including Acle, Aylsham, Diss, Harleston, Long Stratton, Reepham, Wroxham and Wymondham/Hethersett.

A review of the Norfolk Rail Prospectus is on hold until there is more clarity about the national picture including the creation of Great British Railways, which will replace Network Rail.

In addition to the schemes Highways England have committed to as identified on the Key Diagram and policy 4, further trunk road junction improvements may be required for future growth. The A47 Longwater Interchange and the following junctions will require further investigation:

• A47/A140 Ipswich Road
• A47/A146 Loddon Road
• Spinks Lane, Wymondham
• New Road, Acle

Anglian Water’s Water Recycling Long-Term Plan plans for growth to 2045 through increased capacity at the following water recycling centres: Acle; Aylsham; Belaugh; Long Stratton; Rackheath Springs – Wroxham; Sisland; Woodton; Whitlingham; and Wymondham.

The Water Cycle Study undertaken for the GNLP identified locations where there may be future capacity issues to be addressed for the growth proposed in the GNLP within the wastewater catchments of Aylsham, Foulsham, Long Stratton, Reepham, Rackheath, Diss, Ditchingham, Saxlingham, Whitlingham Trowse and Woodton. These issues should, at least in-part, be addressed by Anglian Water’s current Long-Term Plan, but revisions may be necessary to this to fully address the GNLP proposals when finalised.

Substations requiring upgrades and/or the use of measures to off-set the need for reinforcement (such as demand side responses and energy storage (batteries)) are:

A guide to Broadband for Norfolk Local Planning Authorities produced for the Norfolk Strategic Planning Framework sets out that superfast broadband coverage is rapidly improving, 95% of Norfolk’s homes and businesses can now access superfast broadband, up from 42% in 2012. Initiatives led by Norfolk County Council aim to make high-speed broadband available to more than 97% of Norfolk’s premises by summer 2023, with further work planned subsequently.

The report recommends that all residential developments over 10 dwellings and all employment developments will enable Fibre to the Premises (FTTP). For schemes under these thresholds the council’s expectation is that provision for FTTP will be achieved, where practical.

The Greater Norwich area is experiencing considerable investment in fibre to the premise from Openreach, Virgin and City Fibre resulting in high coverage levels, speeds and competitive pricing.

Norfolk County Council has projects for two new primary schools in Wymondham and Cringleford to be built by September 2024. Both of these will be Free Schools.

Other new schools are being considered across the Greater Norwich area to be provided once housing and pupil numbers suggest that existing schools in the area are no longer able to accommodate local children. These include 12 new primary schools and one secondary school:

• Poringland – Pupil numbers are being monitored and sites are being considered for a new primary school to provide for housing growth.
• Salhouse Road, Sprowston – a site has been safeguarded for a new 420 place school within new housing development.
• Hellesdon – a site has been safeguarded for a new 420 place primary school on the former golf club site.
• Beeston Park, Sprowston – sites have been safeguarded for 2 x 420 place primary schools within proposed new housing development.
• White House Farm Sprowston or North Rackheath – these strategic growth allocations provide potential locations for the secondary school required to support housing growth in the Growth Triangle.
• Rackheath – sites have been safeguarded for 2 x 420 place primary schools within proposed new housing development.
• Land north and south of Smee Lane, Great Plumstead – a site has been secured for a new 420-place primary school within new housing development.
• Long Stratton – a site has been secured for a new 420 place primary school within proposed new housing development.
• East Norwich – options for additional primary school provision, as required by site allocation policies in this plan, are being considered.
• Taverham – a site has been secured within the strategic urban extension allocated in this plan for a new 420 place primary school, with consideration also being given to existing provision in the local area.
• Aylsham – a site has been secured through a site allocation in this plan for a new 420 place primary school to provide for a move and expansion of an existing school in the town.

Greater Norwich is part of the larger Norfolk and Waveney Integrated Care System (ICS). The July 2022 ICS Estate Strategy establishes the route to resolving existing challenges, responds to national and local priorities and develops opportunities to improve patient care.

A prioritised Capital Investment Pipeline has been established through the ICS Estate Strategy work and the key infrastructure projects across Greater Norwich are listed below. These projects are aligned to the estates vision and principles, as well as the ICS Clinical Strategy and NHS priorities.

These lists capture known proposed projects at the time of the GNLP’s publication, but it should be noted that some still require formal business case approval. Progress will be monitored annually and will include dental services, which is a responsibility that passed to the Norfolk and Waveney ICS in 2023.

The lists in the tables below will be refreshed annually with additional requests/requirements feeding in from NHS Trusts and Primary Care strategies as they are developed.

A new police station will be required for North Norwich and the northern urban fringe due to the population increase and associated additional pressure on existing policy resources.

Extensions to existing police stations may be required during the plan period where growth will place significant strain on existing space.

There may also be a requirement for upgrading of existing facilities at police stations to accommodate growth. This could include reconfiguring internal space to address operational needs linked to serving a larger population and external works such as improved car parking and cycle storage.

Rackheath will require an additional library facility of around 390 square metres due to the scale and size of the development.

The Greater Norwich Physical Activity and Sport Strategy was accepted by the Greater Norwich Growth Board (GNGB) in 2022. It was developed with Sport England and aims to support and encourage healthy and active lifestyles.

In line with policy 2 of this plan, the strategy takes a wide view, encouraging active lifestyles for all by, amongst other measures, creating active environments and encouraging active travel and workplaces.

The strategy also focusses on the protection and enhancement of existing sports facilities, as well as the provision of new facilities. To achieve this, supporting Playing Pitch and Built Facilities Strategies provide assessments and action plans, making recommendations for a range of sport and leisure facilities across Greater Norwich.

A programme to increase capacity at new and extended sites to accommodate growth is in progress.

Two new recycling centres opened in 2021 at:

• Norwich North, while is close to the airport, has replaced the Mile Cross recycling centre.
• Norwich South, off the A140 close to the A47, has replaced the Ketteringham recycling centre.

In addition, Wymondham and Morningthorpe recycling centres will be replaced and Strumpshaw will be extended.

If required, contributions may be sought to deal with the cumulative impact of a series of both small and large developments.

Accessible
In the case of community facilities and services (such as healthcare), easy to travel to or use. With reference to buildings or public transport, easy to enter and use by all.

Active travel
Making journeys by physically active means, like walking or cycling. Active travel is promoted by Public Health England and by the National Planning Policy Framework through its focus on design which promotes health and well-being (paragraph 127 e).

Affordable housing
Housing provided for sale or rent at prices below the current market rate, which people in housing need can afford. Affordable housing tenures are defined in Government guidance, as set out in Annex 2 of the National Planning Policy Framework.

Air Quality Management Area (AQMA)
A place where the National Air Quality Objectives are not being met. Once an AQMA has been declared the authority has to carry out further work to monitor the air quality in the area and identify what actions can be taken to improve it.

Allocated
Land which has been identified for a specific use in the current development plan.

Appropriate Assessment
Analysis of the impact of plans and strategies on areas of designated European environmental importance such as Special Protection Areas, Special Areas of Conservation and Ramsar sites.

Area Action Plan (AAP)
A development plan document within the local plan that establishes a set of development proposals and policies for a specific area. In Greater Norwich there are current adopted area actions plans for the North-East Growth Triangle, Long Stratton, and Wymondham.

Biodiversity
The variety of different types of plant and animal life in a region.

Biodiversity net gain
Refers to development having a positive impact on biodiversity, leaving it in a better state than before development occurred.

Broadland Northway (A1270)
A dual-carriageway road (also known as the Northern Distributor Road) completed in 2019 to the north of Norwich, linking the A47 to the south-east of the city with the A1067 in the north-west.

Brownfield land, brownfield site
Land or site that has been subject to previous development.

Brownfield register
Brownfield land registers provide up-to-date information about sites that local authorities consider to be appropriate for residential development having regard to the relevant legislation.

Building for a Healthy Life
A government-endorsed industry standard for well-designed homes and neighbourhoods. Local communities, local authorities and developers are encouraged to use it to guide discussions about creating good places to live. The National Planning Policy Framework encourages its use in local plans.

Built environment
The built environment is the structures and places that have been built by humans as part of the activities of human living such as, buildings, roads, parks and open spaces etc. This has developed over time and as such, elements can be of particular importance to a local community because of their character or historic significance.

Business use
Land use class covering light industry, offices, and research and development.

Cambridge Norwich Tech Corridor
A public-private partnership spanning Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire set up to deliver high-value economic and societal growth in clusters between Cambridge and Norwich within the technology/science sector.

City centre
The main commercial area of Norwich that is predominantly within the Inner Ring Road (A147). The exact boundary is shown on map 10 of the local plan.

Clean growth
Clean growth means growing our income while cutting greenhouse gas emissions. It is promoted nationally by the Government’s Clean Growth Strategy and locally in the emerging Local Industrial Strategy.

Climate change mitigation
Actions taken to limit the magnitude or rate of global warming and its associated effects, usually involving a reduction in human emissions of greenhouse gases.

Commitments
Development proposals which already have planning permission or are allocated in adopted development plans.

Community facilities
Services that meet the day-to-day needs of a community such as village halls, post offices, doctors’, and dentists’ surgeries, play areas, recycling facilities, libraries and places of worship.

Community Infrastructure Levy (CIL)
A financial charge on new development introduced by the Planning Act 2008 as a tool for local authorities to help deliver infrastructure to support growth and development in their area.

Conservation area
Area of special historic and/or architectural interest which is designated by the local planning authority as being important to conserve and enhance. Special planning controls apply within these areas.

Core bus routes
A network of main bus routes where service frequency and bus priority will be enhanced.

County Wildlife Site (CWS)
Wildlife habitat identified and designated as being of local interest or importance by Norfolk County Council and the Norfolk Wildlife Trust, but which is not of enough national merit to be declared as a Site of Special Scientific Interest. A CWS does not benefit from statutory protection but does have some protection in the planning system.

Custom build housing (see also self-build housing)
A form of self-build home that is, in some form, supported by a developer through a more hands-off approach than traditional self-build would entail.

Decentralised and renewable or low-carbon energy sources
Sources of energy that are renewable or low-carbon (or a combination of these) and locally based (on-site or near-site, but not remote off-site), usually on a relatively small scale. Decentralised energy is a broad term used to denote a diverse range of technologies, including micro-renewables, which can locally serve an individual building, development or wider community and includes heating and cooling energy.

Development
Defined in planning law as ‘the carrying out of building, engineering, mining or other operations in, on, over, or under land, or the making of a material change of use of any building or land’.

Development Plan
A set of plans guiding future development in the area. The development plan consists of the locally prepared development plan documents, including Neighbourhood Plans approved at referendum.

Development Plan Document
Locally prepared document on a specific topic which forms part of the development plan and which subject to independent examination before adoption, also commonly referred to as DPDs.

District centre
A group of shops separate from the town centre containing at least one supermarket or superstore as well as other services. District centres provide for a catchment extending beyond the immediate locality.

Economic Strategy for Norfolk and Suffolk (ESNS)
A shared strategy between businesses, education providers, local councils and voluntary and community sector, which is led by New Anglia LEP outlining future growth across the region.

Employment use
Use primarily for industrial, warehousing, office or other business uses falling within classes B1, B2 and B8 of the use classes order.

Five-year housing land supply
A requirement by Government for local planning authorities to ensure that there is enough land available that is suitable, available, and deliverable for housing development. The amount of land available should be enough to fulfil the housing requirement for the next five years.

Food Enterprise Park
46 acres of commercial development land with planning available for food related businesses near Easton and Honingham. A Local Development Order (LDO) is in place for part of the site.

Geodiversity
The variety of different types of geology, landforms, soils, and physical processes in a region.

Greater Norwich City Deal
An agreement between Government and Greater Norwich, which provides the city and surrounding areas certain powers and freedoms to take responsibility for decisions that affect Greater Norwich. It is implemented by the Greater Norwich Growth Board (GNGB).

Greater Norwich Growth Board (GNGB)
A partnership between Broadland District Council, Norwich City Council, South Norfolk Council, Norfolk County Council and New Anglia Local Enterprise Partnership (LEP) to provide homes, jobs and infrastructure. It also provides strategic direction, monitoring, and co-ordination of the Greater Norwich City Deal.

Greater Norwich Local Plan Infrastructure Report (GNLPIR)
A supporting document to the GNLP focusing on transport, utilities, education, health care, fire and rescue, community facilities, sport and leisure facilities, green infrastructure, and waste management.

Green infrastructure
A network of multi-functional green space which delivers benefits to both the environment and the local community. Green infrastructure includes natural green spaces colonised by plants and animals and man-made managed green spaces such as areas used for outdoor sport and recreation including public and private open space. These spaces may include allotments, urban parks and designed historic landscapes as well as their many interconnections such as footpaths, cycleways, green corridors, and waterways.

Greenfield land (or site)
Land which has not previously been built on, including land in use for agriculture or forestry. Greenfield land does not include residential garden land.

Growth Triangle
An area to the north-east of Norwich identified for major growth.

Habitat Regulations Assessment (HRA)
An HRA identifies any aspect of an emerging local plan that would have the potential to cause a likely significant effect on Natura 2000 sites or sites protected by European designations (Special Areas of Conservation, Special Protection Areas, Ramsar sites) either in isolation or cumulatively, and to identify appropriate avoidance and mitigation strategies where impacts are identified.

Health Impact Assessment
An assessment required for large sites and for any housing proposal with a significant amount of housing for the elderly to show how the health care infrastructure needs of the new development are provided for.

Heritage asset
A building, monument, site, place, area or landscape with historic interest that provides a material record of history or meaning for a community. Heritage assets may be either ‘designated’ or ‘non-designated’ and have a degree of significance that merits consideration in planning decisions.

Historic environment
Aspects of the environment which result from the interactions between people and places through time.

Inclusive growth
Economic growth that is distributed fairly across society and creates opportunities for all.

Index of Multiple Deprivation
A ward-level index made up from six indicators (income; employment; health deprivation and disability; education; skills and training; housing; and geographical access to services)

Infill development
Small-scale development filling a gap within an otherwise built-up area.

Infrastructure
The network of services to which it is usual for most buildings or activities to be connected. Infrastructure includes physical services serving the development (e.g., gas, electricity, and water supply; telephones, sewerage) and includes networks of roads, public transport routes, footpaths etc as well as community facilities and green infrastructure.

Joint Core Strategy (JCS)
A key planning policy document for the Greater Norwich Area produced in partnership between Broadland, Norwich and South Norfolk that sets out the long-term vision for the area up until 2026. The JCS has a considerable impact on the Greater Norwich Local Plan (GNLP) which in turn determines growth up until 2038 and will supersede the JCS when adopted.

Key service centres
Key service centres are the third tier in the settlement hierarchy. The key service centres are Acle, Blofield, Brundall, Hethersett, Hingham, Loddon/Chedgrave, Poringland/Framingham Earl, Reepham and Wroxham. They have a good range of services, typically: a primary school; a secondary school either in or accessible from the settlement; a range of shops and services (including convenience shopping but more limited than in main towns); a village hall; primary health care and a library.

Knowledge economy
The production, distribution, and use of knowledge as the main driver of growth, wealth creation, and employment across all industries. It does not rely solely on a few advanced technology industries but is applicable to traditional industries, such as manufacturing and agriculture.

Knowledge-intensive jobs
A knowledge-intensive job is one where the workers need a lot of education, skills, and experience to work effectively. In Greater Norwich these mainly include jobs in: research in the food, health and life sciences sectors; agri-tech; advanced manufacturing and engineering; IT and communications and digital creative industries.

Listed building
A building on the National Heritage List for England which is protected due to its special architectural or historic interest. Listing helps to make sure that any future changes to the building do not result in the loss of its significance.

Local Nature Reserve (LNR)
Area of botanical or wildlife interest where access and use by local people is encouraged through designation by the local authority.

Local centre
A group of shops or services forming a centre of purely local significance. See city centre and district centre.

Local housing need
An assessment of the need for housing at a local level over a period of time using the standard methodology set out by the Government.

Local listed building
A building which, whilst not on the National Heritage List for England, is important in the local context due to its architectural or historic interest or its townscape value.

Local Transport Plan
A five-year integrated transport strategy, prepared by local authorities in partnership with the community, seeking funding to help provide local transport projects. The plan sets out the resources predicted for delivery of the targets identified in the strategy.

London-Stansted-Cambridge Corridor and the Cambridge-Milton Keynes-Oxford Arc (CaMkOx)
These are two different growth corridors of vital economic importance to the UK that host a highly skilled labour force, cutting edge research facilities and technology clusters that can compete on a global scale which are supported by two world-class universities.

Low carbon
Minimisation of carbon dioxide emissions from a human activity.

Main towns
Main towns are the second tier in the settlement hierarchy. The main towns are Aylsham, Diss (with part of Roydon), Harleston, Long Stratton and Wymondham. They are engines of rural growth, providing employment and services for wider hinterlands.

Major development
For housing, development where 10 or more dwellings are to be provided or the site has an area of 0.5 hectares or more. For non-residential development, it means additional floorspace of 1,000 square metres or more or a site of 1 hectare or more.

Major Road Network
A classification of major local authority roads in England to help reduce congestion, support economic growth and rebalancing, support housing delivery, support all road users and support the Strategic Road Network (SRN). In Greater Norwich these are the A140 (including the A1270) and the A146.

Market housing
Housing that is for sale on the open market without restrictions on pricing or tenure.

Market Town Network Improvement Strategies
A Norfolk County Council initiative to implement studies into the transport impacts of growth in market towns that help to identify and plan interventions ahead of any planned growth.

Masterplan
A long-term planning document that provides a conceptual framework to guide future growth and development, usually on large sites.

Modal shift
An increase in the proportion of people travelling by different forms of transport. It is usually used in relation to measures to encourage public transport use and cycling and walking.

National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF)
A document which sets out the Government’s economic, environmental and social planning policies for England and how they should be applied. It provides a baseline structure from which locally prepared plans (such as the GNLP) can be produced and it is a material consideration in planning decisions.

National Planning Practice Guidance (NPPG)
A web-based resource which brings together planning guidance on various topics into one easily accessible place. The guidance supports the NPPF but is not Government policy.

Natural capital
The elements of nature that directly or indirectly produce value to people, including ecosystems, species, fresh water, land, minerals, the air and oceans, as well as natural processes and functions. Natural capital includes many different components of the living and non-living natural environment, as well as the processes and functions that link these components and sustain life. Natural capital is often referred to in terms of Natural Assets.

Natural asset
Natural assets include valued landscapes; the intrinsic character and beauty of the countryside; biodiversity (including wildlife sites; priority habitats, green infrastructure networks, species, trees and woodlands); geological value; and soils (e.g., high-quality agricultural land). The importance of such assets can differ, being designated as of international, national, or local significance (for example identified within Development Plan Documents and Neighbourhood Plans). The level of importance of an asset that might be affected by a development proposal will be taken into account in the application of the policy.

Neighbourhood Plan
A plan prepared by a parish/town council or neighbourhood forum for a designated neighbourhood area. Once made by the local planning authority it becomes part of the development plan for the area.

New Anglia Local Enterprise Partnership (LEP)
An organisation of private and public-sector representatives working with businesses, local authority partners and education institutions to drive growth and enterprise in Norfolk and Suffolk.

Non-strategic policies
Policies contained in a Neighbourhood Plan, or those policies in a local plan that are identified as non-strategic policies.

Norfolk and Suffolk Local Industrial Strategy
An emerging strategy building upon the Economic Strategy for Norfolk and Suffolk which will consider in greater detail the competitive strengths of the regions and focus on the clean energy, agri-food and ICT/ digital sectors.

Norfolk Strategic Planning Framework (NSPF)
A policy document which brings together Norfolk’s Local Planning Authorities to create a framework that all local authorities formally use to meet shared objectives on a range of strategic cross-boundary planning issues.

Northern Distributor Road (NDR)
A dual-carriageway road (also known as the A1270 Broadland Northway) completed in 2019 to the north of Norwich, linking the A47 to the south-east of the city with the A1067 in the north-west.

Norwich fringe
The area next to the city of Norwich but lying in Broadland and South Norfolk districts which is predominantly developed, including open spaces encompassed within the developed area. The Norwich fringe is the built-up parts of the fringe parishes of Colney, Costessey, Cringleford, Drayton, Easton, Hellesdon, Old Catton, Sprowston, Taverham, Thorpe St. Andrew, Trowse and the remainder of the Growth Triangle including Rackheath.

Norwich Research Park
A major research park that is a leading centre for science and technology as well as food and health.

Norwich Urban Area
The City of Norwich and the Norwich fringe (see above). This is the first tier in the settlement hierarchy. It has both high level and a broad range of employment and services providing for Greater Norwich.

Norwich Western Link
The proposed development of a road to connect the A1270 Broadland Northway or Northern Distributor Road (NDR) from the A1067 to the A47 west of Norwich.

Open space
Areas of land that usually come forward as part of a development site which remain undeveloped but can generally be used for either formal or informal recreation purposes.

Park and Ride
Parking areas at the edge of the built-up area and linked by frequent bus (or other public transport) services to the city centre.

Planning conditions
A condition imposed on a planning permission which can either require additional details to be agreed or restrict the use of the site.

Planning obligations
Legal agreements between a planning authority and a developer, or undertakings offered unilaterally by a developer to ensure that specific works are carried out, payments made, or other actions undertaken which would otherwise be outside the scope of the planning permission. Often called Section 106 obligations. The term legal agreements may embrace S106.

Post-carbon economy
An economy in which greenhouse gas emissions are low and falling. In Greater Norwich the focus will be on three low carbon, high growth economic sectors: clean energy, agri-food and ICT/digital.

Previously developed land
See Brownfield land.

Protected species
Any species which, because of its rarity or threatened status, is protected by statutory legislation (The Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended) and the Conservation (Natural Habitats etc) Regulations 1994).

Ramsar site
A European designation that protects areas of wetland.

Recreational Impact Avoidance and Mitigation Strategy (RAMS)
A strategy facilitating residential development, whilst at the same time adequately protecting wildlife sites from harm that comes with growth in rural areas from increased recreation pressure.

Registered Park and Garden
An outdoor area (which can include cemeteries or landscapes) listed on the Register of Parks and Gardens. Registration is a material consideration in planning terms, meaning local planning authorities must take into account the historic interest of the site when determining planning applications nearby.

Renewable energy
Energy generated from sources which are non-finite or can be replenished. Includes solar power, wind energy, power generated from waste, biomass, hydrogen etc.

Scheduled Ancient Monument
Ancient structure, usually unoccupied, above or below the ground, which is preserved by order of the Secretary of State. Works affecting an ancient monument must be approved by the Secretary of State.

Section 106 Agreement (S106)
See planning obligations.

Self-build housing and custom-build housing
Housing built by an individual, a group of individuals, or persons working with or for them, to be occupied by that individual. Such housing can be either market or affordable housing.

Semi-islanded (energy supply)
A semi-islanded development site is connected to the wider electricity network but uses on-site generation or storage to reduce the site’s reliance on imported electricity and reduce peak demands.

Settlement hierarchy
A way of arranging settlements into a hierarchy based upon several criteria, such as population and services offered.

Settlement limit, settlement boundary
These are areas within which development appropriate to the settlement in question will usually be permitted. Also called village envelopes or development boundaries. They are set out in Development Management plans.

Site Allocation DPD
A document used to identify sites to accommodate the range of land uses necessary to implement the objectives of the local plan. Broadland adopted a site allocations document in 2016, Norwich in 2014, and South Norfolk in 2015. The GNLP will carry forward deliverable undeveloped allocations from these plans.

Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI)
Site or area designated as being of national importance because of its wildlife, plants or flower species and/or unusual or typical geological features. SSSIs are identified by Natural England and have protected status under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.

Social sustainability
The ability of a community to not only meet the needs of its current members but also support the ability of future generations to maintain a healthy and liveable community, including supporting local services and providing affordable homes (as highlighted in the Taylor Review “Living Working Countryside 2008”).

Spatial profile
A section in the local plan that provides context about the local area from social, economic and environmental perspectives. It describes the area, how it functions and highlights the key issues to be addressed.

Special Area of Conservation (SAC)
Special Areas of Conservation are defined in the European Union’s Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC), also known as the Directive on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora. They are defined to protect the 220 habitats and approximately 1,000 species listed in Annex I and II of the Directive which are of European interest following criteria given in the Directive.

Special Protection Areas (SPAs)
Special Protection Areas are strictly protected sites classified in accordance with Article 4 of the EC Birds Directive, which was amended in 2009 (Directive 2009/147/EC). They are classified for rare and vulnerable birds (as listed on Annex I of the Directive), and for regularly occurring migratory species.

Strategic policies
Policies and site allocations which address strategic priorities in line with Section 19 of the Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004.

Strategic urban extensions / strategic housing growth locations
These locations will each provide over 1,000 new homes from 2018 to 2038.

Suitable Alternative Natural Green Space (SANGS)
A name given to green space that is of a quality and type suitable to be used as mitigation in relation to the protection of important natural spaces when residential development or growth is proposed.

Supplementary Planning Document (SPD)
Guidance published by local planning authorities to provide further detailed information on how local plan policies are to be applied or interpreted. SPDs may be prepared jointly, particularly where a consistent policy approach is required over an area covered by more than one local planning authority. SPDs may be concerned with an issue or may provide more detailed guidance of the development of a specific site, covering a whole range of issues. This is frequently referred to as a development brief.

Sustainability Appraisal (SA)
An appraisal of the economic, environmental, and social effects of a plan from the outset of the preparation process to allow decisions to be made that accord with sustainable development.

Sustainable development
A term mostly derived from the 1987 Brundtland Report. Interpretation varies but typically the term means meeting economic and social goals without undermining the environment, as well as meeting needs of the present without compromising the environment for future generations. In 2015 the United Nations agreed 17 Sustainable Development Goals to be reached by 2030. The UK is amongst the countries leading the delivery of the Sustainable Development Goals.

Sustainable drainage system (SuDS)
Efficient drainage system which seeks to minimise wastage of water, including the use of appropriate groundcover to enable maximum penetration of clean water run-off into the ground and, where appropriate, recycling grey water within the development. Designed to minimise the impact of development on the natural water environment.

Transforming Cities
A term used to denote the aim of Government policy to improve productivity and spread prosperity through investment in public and sustainable transport.

Transport for Norwich
A programme of work to improve accessibility by all forms of transport around Norwich and the surrounding area. It aims to encourage the use of more sustainable modes of transport, while also improving the capacity of the road network and stabilise traffic levels. Transport for Norwich was formerly known as the Norwich Area Transportation Strategy.

Travel to work public transport
Typically, this will be a regular bus service operating between 07:00 and 19:00 with a thirty-minute frequency of service and a journey time of not more than 30-40 minutes to Norwich or another recognised employment location.

Uplift
Increased density of housing, most commonly on a previously allocated site.

Village cluster
This is the fourth level in the settlement hierarchy. Clusters consist of a group of villages that share services and facilities, for example a primary school.

Water stress
Water stress occurs when the demand for water exceeds the available amount of water, or when poor water quality restricts its use. Greater Norwich and the wider region are defined by the Environment Agency as a water stressed area.

Windfall site
Site on which planning permission for housing development is granted during the plan period, but which has not previously been identified in a plan for housing development.

Plans to be superseded by the Greater Norwich Local Plan:

• The Joint Core Strategy for Broadland, Norwich and South Norfolk (adopted 2011 with amendments adopted 2014)
• Broadland Site Allocations Development Plan Document (2016)
• Norwich Site Allocations and Site-Specific Policies Local Plan Document (2014)
• South Norfolk Local Plan Site-Specific Allocations and Policies Document (2015) except for the smaller villages in South Norfolk that will be addressed through a new South Norfolk Village Clusters Housing Allocations Local Plan.

Plans to be carried forward and used in conjunction with the Greater Norwich Local Plan:

• Old Catton, Sprowston, Rackheath & Thorpe St Andrew Growth Triangle Area Action Plan (2016)
• Long Stratton Area Action Plan (2016)
• Wymondham Area Action Plan (2015)
• Broadland Development Management Policies Document (2015)
• Norwich Development Management Policies Document (2015)
• South Norfolk Development Management Policies Document (2015). Map 1.3(1) Key Diagram March 2013 (see page 149) will be superseded by the Key Diagram in the Greater Norwich Local Plan Strategy. The remainder of the document is to be carried forward.

GNLP allocations that amend parts of Area Action Plans (AAPs):

Neighbourhood plans to be used in conjunction with the Greater Norwich Local Plan:

In addition, there are 7 qualifying bodies in Broadland which have designated their neighbourhood area and 7 in South Norfolk. This means they have committed to developing a neighbourhood plan. There is also one neighbourhood area designated within Norwich.

As required by NPPF, the housing delivery trajectory below sets out the forecast rate of housing delivery in Greater Norwich during the plan period from 2018 to 2038. Based on the latest intelligence from developers and the findings of the plan’s examination hearings, it is forecast that a total housing figure of 45,041 homes will be built out by the end of the plan period.

The forecast housing figure of 45,041 is not the housing need. As stated in table 6 of this plan, the need is 40,541 homes over the period from 2018 to 2038. This is based on the Government’s standard methodology for calculating Local Housing Need (LHN). This gives a whole plan average target of 2,027 homes per annum, but due to higher housing completions from 1st April 2018 to 31st March 2022, the residual annual requirement has reduced to 1,990 homes per year from 1st April 2023 to 31st March 2038. The residual annual requirement of 1,990 homes per year is used for calculating the 5-year land supply for the period 1st April 2023 to 31st March 2028.

As per table 6 of this plan, the components of the housing trajectory are:

• Housing completions during the first four years of the plan, 2018/19, 2019/20, 2020/21, and 2021/2022 (8,728 homes).
• The existing commitment of planning permissions and allocations (34,688 homes).
• Small self-build and custom-build sites of 1 to 3 homes enabled by Policy 7.5 of the GNLP (795 homes).
• The expected supply of homes by windfall sites (830 homes).
• This equals a total forecast supply of 45,041 homes.

The components of the graph are:

• “Annual Total Housing Supply (‘Forecast’)”: This is the forecast annual completions based upon information gathered from developers and industry averages for lead-in times and sales rates for new homes.
• “Housing completions”: This is the number of homes completed and ready for occupation in the financial years 2018/19, 2019/20, 2020/21, and 2021/22. April 2018 is the base date of the plan, and it is over the 20 years from April 2018 to March 2038 that the need for 40,541 homes is calculated using the LHN methodology.
• “Trajectory – Annual Housing Requirement of 40,541 to 2037/38 taking account of average delivery 2018/19 to 2021/22 and the plan trajectory”: This shows that annual housing completions over the first four years of the plan period on average kept pace with meeting the need for 40,541 homes by 2038. Completions are forecast to meet the LHN of 40,541 homes by the later years of the plan period.
• “Proposed Plan Housing Trajectory – average delivery 2022/23 to 2037/38 less 10% fallout”: This shows how over the period 1st April 2022 to 31st March 2038 the trajectory forecasts 32,682 homes to be completed, and averages at 2,043 homes per annum with a fallout rate of 10% included to account for unforeseen delay or non-delivery.
• “Annualised Housing Requirement 1 April 2022”: This shows how many homes need to be completed on average per year from 2022 to 2038 after deducting completions during the first four years of the plan period to meet the LHN of 40,541 homes. As of 1st April 2022, the annualised requirement is 1,990 homes.

Policy 1 states that the plan provides enough allocations to provide a 5-year housing land supply, and this is evidenced by the housing trajectory. Given the plan’s adoption in early 2024 the relevant 5-year period is 1st April 2023 to 31st March 2028.

The 5-year housing requirement is 10,944 homes from 1st April 2023 to 31st March 2028. This is calculated by multiplying the residual housing requirement of 1,990 homes at 1st April 2023 over 5 years and adding a 10% buffer to account for unforeseen delay or non-delivery. The 5-year housing supply is 12,632 homes, which is the total completions forecast in the years 2023/24 (2,282), 2024/25 (2,484), 2025/26 (2,750), 2026/27 (2,689), and 2027/28 (2,387).

The outcome of the 5-year supply calculation is a 1,648-home surplus, which equals 5.75 years of supply. This is summarised in the table below: ;